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Scott and Scurvy
tags: no_tag
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This time Scott made sure to provide his men with fresh seal meat, and scurvy was not a problem in the main camp. In the austral winter of 1911, Wilson, Bowers, and Cherry-Garrard went on a phantasmagoric five week journey to try and collect the eggs of the empreror penguin. This journey, which gave Cherry-Garrard’s book its title, took place in complete darkness and temperatures that dropped below -77? Fahrenheit. The men, forced to relay and searching for their footprints by candlelight, sometimes made as little as a mile of progress a day. When Cherry-Garrard’s clothes were weighed on his return, they contained twenty four-pounds of ice. That the men survived defies belief – there has never been another journey in the Polar night, even with modern equipment – but they did return, and to Scott’s great relief showed no symptoms of scurvy.
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Second, how difficult it was to correctly interpret the evidence without the concept of “vitamin”. Now that we understand scurvy as a deficiency disease, we can explain away the anomalous results that seem to contradict that theory (the failure of lime juice on polar expeditions, for example). But the evidence on its own did not point clearly at any solution. It was not clear which results were the anomalous ones that needed explaining away. The ptomaine theory made correct predictions (fresh meat will prevent scurvy) even though it was completely wrong.
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The Worst Journey in the World by Apsley Cherry-Garrard – Project Gutenberg
tags: gutenberg, exploration, south_pole
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Publication 15-A (2010), Employer’s Supplemental Tax Guide
tags: work, taxes, withholding, irs, publication
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Tables for Withholding on Distributions of Indian Gaming Profits to Tribal Members
Tables for All Individuals (For Payments Made in 2010)
|
| |
| Table 1—WEEKLY DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
Table 2—BIWEEKLY DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
|
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
| Not over |
$180 |
$0 |
|
|
Not over |
$360 |
$0 |
|
|
| Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
| $180 |
$341 |
10% |
|
$180 |
$360 |
$682 |
10% |
|
$360 |
| $341 |
$834 |
$16.10 plus 15% |
|
$341 |
$682 |
$1,667 |
$32.20 plus 15% |
|
$682 |
| $834 |
$1,764 |
$90.05 plus 25% |
|
$834 |
$1,667 |
$3,529 |
$179.95 plus 25% |
|
$1,667 |
| $1,764 |
– - – - - |
$322.55 plus 28% |
|
$1,764 |
$3,529 |
– - – - – - |
$645.45 plus 28% |
|
$3,529 |
| |
|
|
| Table 3—SEMIMONTHLY DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
Table 4—MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
|
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
| Not over |
$390 |
$0 |
|
|
Not over |
$779 |
$0 |
|
|
| Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
| $390 |
$739 |
10% |
|
$390 |
$779 |
$1,477 |
10% |
|
$779 |
| $739 |
$1,806 |
$34.90 plus 15% |
|
$739 |
$1,477 |
$3,613 |
$69.80 plus 15% |
|
$1,477 |
| $1,806 |
$3,823 |
$194.95 plus 25% |
|
$1,806 |
$3,613 |
$7,646 |
$390.20 plus 25% |
|
$3,613 |
| $3,823 |
- – - – - - |
$699.20 plus 28% |
|
$3,823 |
$7,646 |
- – - – - - |
$1,398.45 plus 28% |
|
$7,646 |
| |
| Table 5—QUARTERLY DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
Table 6—SEMIANNUAL DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
| Not over |
$2,338 |
$0 |
|
|
Not over |
$4,675 |
$0 |
|
|
| Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
| $2,338 |
$4,431 |
10% |
|
$2,338 |
$4,675 |
$8,863 |
10% |
|
$4,675 |
| $4,431 |
$10,838 |
$209.30 plus 15% |
|
$4,431 |
$8,863 |
$21,675 |
$418.80 plus 15% |
|
$8,863 |
| $10,838 |
$22,938 |
$1,170.35 plus 25% |
|
$10,838 |
$21,675 |
$45,875 |
$2,340.60 plus 25% |
|
$21,675 |
| $22,938 |
- – - – - – - |
$4,195.35 plus 28% |
|
$22,938 |
$45,875 |
- – - – - - |
$8,390.60 plus 28% |
|
$45,875 |
| |
|
|
| Table 7—ANNUAL DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
Table 8—DAILY or MISCELLANEOUS DISTRIBUTION PERIOD |
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
|
If the amount of the payment is:
|
The amount of income tax to withhold is:
|
| Not over |
$9,350 |
$0 |
|
|
Not over |
$36.00 |
$0 |
|
|
| Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
Over— |
But not over— |
|
of excess over— |
| $9,350 |
$17,725 |
10% |
|
$9,350 |
$36.00 |
$68.20 |
10% |
|
$36.00 |
| $17,725 |
$43,350 |
$837.50 plus 15% |
|
$17,725 |
$68.20 |
$166.70 |
$3.22 plus 15% |
|
$68.20 |
| $43,350 |
$91,750 |
$4,681.25 plus 25% |
|
$43,350 |
$166.70 |
$352.90 |
$18.00 plus 25% |
|
$166.70 |
| $91,750 |
- – - – - - |
$16,781.25 plus 28% |
|
$91,750 |
$352.90 |
- – - – - - |
$64.55 plus 28% |
|
$352.90 |
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New Games
tags: games
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SMAUG’S JEWELS
(note: Smaug is a dragon in Lord of the Rings)
One person is chosen as the dragon. He guards a set of jewels
(a neckerchief or other flag on the ground). The other players are
in a circle around Smaug, and attempt to steal the treasure without being
tagged. Smaug can range as far from the jewels as he dares.
Once a player is tagged, he is frozen in position until the jewels are
stolen. (A popular strategy is to sneak up beyond while someone else
is distracting him. Of course there is always the mass rush as a
last resort. Beware, if Smaug freezes all the jewel robbers, he has
the option of leaving them frozen as long as he likes.)
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Saturday, February 13, 2010
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Phenetics – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
tags: biology, taxonomy, phenetics
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In
biology,
phenetics, also known as
numerical taxonomy or
taximetrics, is an attempt to classify organisms based on overall similarity, usually in
morphology or other observable traits, regardless of their
phylogeny or evolutionary relation.
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Cladistics – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
tags: biology, taxonomy, clade, cladistics
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Paraphyly – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
tags: biology, taxonomy
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HeLa – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
tags: Science, hela, biology, cells
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Saturday, February 6, 2010
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attoparsec
“attoparsec: n.
About an inch. atto- is the standard SI prefix for multiplication by 10-18. A parsec (parallax-second) is 3.26 light-years; an attoparsec is thus 3.26 ? 10-18 light years, or about 3.1 cm (thus, 1 attoparsec/microfortnight equals about 1 inch/sec). This unit is reported to be in use (though probably not very seriously) among hackers in the U.K. See micro-.”
tags: jargon_file, measurement
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Thursday, February 4, 2010
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Thursday, February 4, 2010
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A Beginner’s Guide to Overhead Pressing
tags: no_tag
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Now we get to what would have been the best piece of advice anyone could have
given me on overhead pressing from the very beginning—starting your sets from
the top of the lift. Think about it. If you’re used to doing a lot of
squats and bench presses, you’ve come to rely on the downward or eccentric
portion of the lift to get you started. It spring loads your muscles and sets
you in a groove. The problem with the military press is that it’s a lot like the
deadlift at the beginning of the lift. You simply press the bar overhead from a
standstill. I always find this jarring, and it throws me out of my groove. I
find the same thing deadlifting. Often, the second and third reps are easier
than the first. The solution? Start from the top of the lift.
My favorite thing to do is to begin the set with a push press, which
if you’ve never done or seen one before, is essentially a cheating military
press—driving from the knees. What this will do for you is set you up in the
perfect position with very little muscular fatigue on the part of your prime
movers. Then from the top position, the lift becomes very similar to a bench
press or squat—things you should be very familiar with by now. It’s much easier
to crank out smooth, flowing reps this way. Again, I encourage you to do your
breathing at the top of the lift, too, just like you would with any other
exercise.
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Is Bottled Water Safer Than Tap Water?
tags: water, water_bottle
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Categorical imperative – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
tags: kant
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X7 Chat
tags: chat, x7chat
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